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Vivien Leigh.

Vivian Mary Hartley

Vivien Leigh — Actor
Born Darjeeling, India
Died Belgravia, United Kingdom
Citizenship United Kingdom
Would Be 112 yr If Living

15 min read

Reading time

2,821

Words

Published

49

Film credits

5

Awards

TL;DR

Vivien Leigh became the first British actress to win an Academy Award for her role as Scarlett O’Hara in Gone with the Wind 1939. She won a second Oscar for A Streetcar Named Desire 1951 as Blanche DuBois. Leigh performed on stage and screen and was married to actor Laurence Olivier. She died of chronic tuberculosis in 1967 at age 53.

Identity & family.

KIN · 4

Names, aliases, and relatives of Vivien Leigh — birth name, kin, and personal ties.

Birth Name Vivian Mary Hartley
Nicknames Vivling
Aliases Vivian Leigh
PARENTS
Ernest Richard Hartley
SPOUSES
Laurence Olivier Herbert Leigh Holman
CHILDREN
Suzanne Farrington

At a glance.

STATS

Vivien Leigh by the numbers — life, work, and family.

53 Years lived
49 Film credits
5 Awards
2 Marriages
1 Child

Who was Vivien Leigh?

BIOGRAPHY

Vivien Leigh — early life, career, personal life, and legacy.

Early life

Vivien Leigh entered life as Vivian Mary Hartley on November 5, 1913 in Darjeeling, Bengal Presidency, British India. Her father, Ernest Richard Hartley, was a successful British businessman who enjoyed amateur theatricals, and her mother left her at a convent school in England at age six. The lonely child found comfort in a cat that the nuns allowed her to keep. At school she bonded with eight-year-old Maureen O’Sullivan, also a transplant. After 18 months, her mother took her to a London play, which she insisted on seeing 16 times in six months. Leigh later attended Loreto Convent and Woldingham School before studying at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She married barrister Herbert Leigh Holman in 1932 at age 19 and soon after began her acting career.

Career

Leigh made her film debut in Things Are Looking Up 1935 with a single line, but the camera repeatedly returned to her face. She gained attention on the London stage in The Green Sash, though the play had a brief run. In 1937 she appeared in Fire Over England opposite Laurence Olivier; the two fell in love during production. Her breakthrough came when she was cast as Scarlett O’Hara in Gone with the Wind 1939, for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress — the first British actress to do so. She earned a second Oscar for portraying Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire 1951. Leigh continued acting on stage and screen, with notable films including Waterloo Bridge 1940, That Hamilton Woman 1941, and The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone 1961. She also won a Tony Award in 1963 for Tovarich.

Personal life

Leigh married Herbert Leigh Holman in 1932 and gave birth to her only child, daughter Suzanne Farrington, in 1933. She divorced Holman in 1940 and married Laurence Olivier on August 31, 1940, with Katharine Hepburn as matron of honor. During their marriage, Leigh suffered two miscarriages 1944 and 1955. She had an affair with actor Peter Finch while still married to Olivier, which worsened her manic depression and led to nervous breakdowns. Leigh and Olivier divorced in 1960, after which she lived with John Merivale until her death. She struggled with bipolar disorder, referred to as manic depression at the time, and underwent shock therapy. Despite their divorce, she kept Olivier’s photograph by her bed.

Legacy

Vivien Leigh’s portrayal of Scarlett O’Hara is ranked #3 on Premiere magazine’s 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time. She is one of only eight actors with a 2-0 win-loss record at the Oscars, winning both for Gone with the Wind and A Streetcar Named Desire. In 1960 she was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. After her death in 1967, West End theatre marquees dimmed their lights for an hour in her honor. She remains the first British actress to win an Academy Award, and her two American Southern belle roles have become cultural touchstones. Her ashes were scattered at Tickerage Mill in Sussex, her home for many years.

Filmography.

FILMS · 49

Browse the complete filmography of Vivien Leigh — every film, TV show, and documentary credit, ranked by popularity.

  1. TV Poster for The Ed Sullivan Show

    The Ed Sullivan Show

  2. Movie Poster for Gone with the Wind

    Gone with the Wind

  3. Movie Poster for A Streetcar Named Desire

    A Streetcar Named Desire

  4. Movie Poster for Waterloo Bridge

    Waterloo Bridge

  5. Movie Poster for Anna Karenina

    Anna Karenina

  6. Movie Poster for That's Entertainment, Part II

    That's Entertainment, Part II

  7. Movie Poster for The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone

    The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone

  8. Movie Poster for Caesar and Cleopatra

    Caesar and Cleopatra

  9. Movie Poster for That Hamilton Woman

    That Hamilton Woman

  10. Movie Poster for Ship of Fools

    Ship of Fools

  11. Movie Poster for Storm in a Teacup

    Storm in a Teacup

  12. Movie Poster for That's Entertainment! III

    That's Entertainment! III

  13. Movie Poster for Scotty and the Secret History of Hollywood

    Scotty and the Secret History of Hollywood

  14. Movie Poster for Dark Journey

    Dark Journey

Awards & honors.

AWARDS · 5

Every award, honor, and recognition received by Vivien Leigh — Grammys, hall-of-fame inductions, civic honors, lifetime achievements.

  • Academy Award for Best Actress Gone with the Wind, 1939
  • Academy Award for Best Actress A Streetcar Named Desire, 1951
  • Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical Tovarich, 1963
  • Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame 1960
  • Volpi Cup for Best Actress

Notable quotes.

QUOTES · 11

A wall of memorable lines from Vivien Leigh — lyrics, interviews, and off-the-cuff remarks captured over a lifetime.

Did you know?

FACTS · 48

Little-known facts about Vivien Leigh — origins, oddities, and behind-the-scenes details from a public life.

You wanted to know.

FAQ · 32

Quick answers to the questions readers ask most about Vivien Leigh.

Audited & updated by

Olivia Brooks

Senior Staff Writer & Biography Editor

Olivia has 6 years of experience writing biographical profiles and still approaches every subject like it's the first one. She covers everyone from debut musicians to Hall of Fame athletes to novelists most people have never heard of. She finds something worth reading in all of them. Her drafts tend to come in already clean, which her editor appreciates. She says good writing is just good thinking written down. Hard to argue with that.

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