Sigmund Freud.

I Have Found Little That Is Good About Human Beings on the Whole. in My Experience Most of Them Are Trash, No Matter Whether They Publicly Subscribe to This or That Ethical Doctrine or to None at All. That Is Something That You Cannot Say Aloud, or Perhaps Even Think.

Our Recognition That the Ruling Tendency of Psychic Life . . . Is the Struggle for Reduction, Keeping at a Constant Level, or Removal of the Inner Stimulus Tension a Struggle Which Comes to Expression in the Pleasure Principle Is Indeed One of Our Strongest Motives for Believing in the Existence of Death Instincts.

The Paranoid Is Always Not Entirely Mistaken.

Even Paranoids Have Enemies.

Dreams Are the Royal Road to the Subconscious.

My Language Is German. My Culture, My Attainments Are German. I Considered Myself German Intellectually, Until I Noticed the Growth of Anti Semitic Prejudice in Germany and German Austria. Since That Time, I Prefer to Call Myself a Jew.

Religion Is an Illusion and It Derives Its Strength from the Fact That It Falls in with Our Instinctual Desires.

A Religion, Even If It Calls Itself a Religion of Love, Must Be Hard and Unloving to Those Who Do Not Belong to It.

Our Knowledge of the Historical Worth of Certain Religious Doctrines Increases Our Respect for Them, but Does Not Invalidate Our Proposal That They Should Cease to Be Put Forward as the Reasons for the Precepts of Civilization. on the Contrary! Those Historical Residues Have Helped Us to View Religious Teachings, as It Were, as Neurotic Relics, and We May Now Argue That the Time Has Probably Come, as It Does in an Analytic Treatment, for Replacing the Effects of Repression by the Results of the Rational Operation of the Intellect

The Different Religions Have Never Overlooked the Part Played by the Sense of Guilt in Civilization. What Is More, They Come Forward with a Claim . . . to Save Mankind from This Sense of Guilt, Which They Call Sin.

Psychoanalysis Is the Impossible Profession.

Fear of Weapons Is a Sign of Retarded Sexual and Emotional Maturity.

You Wanted to Kill Your Father so That You Could Become Your Father. Now You Are Your Father but You Are a Dead Father.

There Are Certain People Who Behave in Quite a Peculiar Fashion During the Work of Analysis. When One Speaks Hopefully to Them or Expresses Satisfaction with the Progress of the Treatment, They Show Signs of Discontent and Their Condition Invariably Becomes Worse. One Begins by Regarding This as Defiance and as an Attempt to Prove Their Superiority to the Physician, but Later One Comes to Take a Deeper and Juster View. One Becomes Convinced, Not Only That Such People Cannot Endure Any Praise or Appreciation, but That They React Inversely to the Progress of the Treatment. Every Partial Solution That Ought to Result, and in Other People Does Result, in an Improvement or a Temporary Suspension of Symptoms Produces in Them an Exacerbation of Their Illness; They Get Worse During the Treatment Instead of Getting Better. They Exhibit What Is Known as a Negative Therapeutic Reaction. There Is No Doubt That There Is Something in These People That Sets Itself Against Recovery, and Its Approach Is Dreaded as Though It Were a Danger. We Are Accustomed to Say That the Need for Illness Has Got the Upper Hand in Them Over the Desire for Recovery. If We Analyze This Resistance in the Usual Way Then, Even After Allowance Has Been Made for an Attitude of Defiance Towards the Physician and for Fixation to the Various Forms of Gain from Illness, the Greater Part of It Is Still Left Over, and This Reveals Itself as the Most Powerful of All Obstacles to Recovery, More Powerful Than the Familiar Ones of Narcissistic Inaccessibility, a Negative Attitude Towards the Physician and Clinging to the Gain from Illness. in the End We Come to See That We Are Dealing with What May Be Called a Moral Factor, a Sense of Guilt, Which Is Finding Its Satisfaction in the Illness and Refuses to Give up the Punishment of Suffering. We Shall Be Right in Regarding This Disheartening Explanation as Final. but as Far as the Patient Is Concerned This Sense of Guilt Is Dumb; It Does Not Tell Him He Is Guilty, He Does Not Feel Guilty, He Feels Ill. This Sense of Guilt Expresses Itself Only as a Resistance to Recovery Which It Is Extremely Difficult to Overcome. It Is Also Particularly Difficult to Convince the Patient That This Motive Lies Behind His Continuing to Be Ill; He Holds Fast to the More Obvious Explanation That Treatment by Analysis Is Not the Right Remedy for His Case.

Where Does a Thought Go When It’s Forgotten?

In so Doing, the Idea Forces Itself Upon Him That Religion Is Comparable to a Childhood Neurosis, and He Is Optimistic Enough to Suppose That Mankind Will Surmount This Neurotic Phase, Just as so Many Children Grow Out of Their Similar Neurosis

There Are No Mistakes

Most People Do Not Really Want Freedom, Because Freedom Involves Responsibility, and Most People Are Frightened of Responsibility

Neurosis Is the Inability to Tolerate Ambiguity.

No, Our Science Is No Illusion. but an Illusion It Would Be to Suppose That What Science Cannot Give Us We Can Get Elsewhere

Neurotics Complain of Their Illness, but They Make the Most of It, and When It Comes to Taking It Away from Them They Will Defend It Like a Lioness Her Young.

He That Has Eyes to See and Ears to Hear May Convince Himself That No Mortal Can Keep a Secret. If His Lips Are Silent, He Chatters with His Fingertips; Betrayal Oozes Out of Him at Every Pore.

We Are Never so Defenseless Against Suffering as When We Love.

Unexpressed Emotions Will Never Die. They Are Buried Alive and Will Come Forth Later in Uglier Ways

Religious Doctrines . . . Are All Illusions, They Do Not Admit of Proof, and No One Can Be Compelled to Consider Them as True or to Believe in Them

It Is Impossible to Escape the Impression That People Commonly Use False Standards of Measurement That They Seek Power, Success and Wealth for Themselves and Admire Them in Others, and That They Underestimate What Is of True Value in Life.

The Intention That Man Should Be Happy Is Not in the Plan of Creation.

My Love Is Something Valuable to Me Which I Ought Not to Throw Away Without Reflection.

Not Understanding Reproduction Is Surely the Mark of the Lowliest Savage.

I Cannot Think of Any Need in Childhood as Strong as the Need for a Father’s Protection.

Some Time Ago I Analyzed a Colleague Who Had Developed a Particularly Strong Dislike of the Idea of Anyone Being Allowed to Engage in a Medical Activity Who Was Not Himself a Medical Man. I Was in a Position to Say to Him, We Have Now Been Working for More Than Three Months. at What Point in Our Analysis Have I Had Occasion to Make Use of My Medical Knowledge? He Admitted That I Had Had No Such Occasion.

The First Consideration Is That in His Medical School a Doctor Receives a Training Which Is More or Less the Opposite of What He Would Need as a Preparation for Psychoanalysis. Neurotics, Indeed, Are an Undesired Complication, an Embarrassment as Much to Therapeutics as to Jurisprudence and to Military Service. but They Exist and Are a Particular Concern of Medicine. Medical Education, However, Does Nothing, Literally Nothing, Towards Their Understanding and Treatment. It Would Be Tolerable If Medical Education Merely Failed to Give Doctors Any Orientation in the Field of the Neuroses. but It Does More: It Given Them a False and Detrimental Attitude. Analytic Instruction Would Include Branches of Knowledge Which Are Remote from Medicine and Which the Doctor Does Not Come Across in His Practice: the History of Civilization, Mythology, the Psychology of Religion and the Science of Literature. Unless He Is Well at Home in These Subjects, an Analyst Can Make Nothing of a Large Amount of His Material. by Way of Compensation, the Great Mass of What Is Taught in Medical Schools Is of No Use to Him for His Purposes. a Knowledge of the Anatomy of the Tarsal Bones, of the Constitution of the Carbohydrates, of the Course of the Cranial Nerves, a Grasp of All That Medicine Has Brought to Light on Bacillary Exciting Causes of Disease and the Means of Combating Them, on Serum Reactions and on Neoplasms All of This Knowledge, Which Is Undoubtedly of the Highest Value in Itself, Is Nevertheless of No Consequence to Him; It Does Not Concern Him; It Neither Helps Him Directly to Understand a Neurosis and to Cure It nor Does It Contribute to a Sharpening of Those Intellectual Capacities on Which His Occupation Makes the Greatest Demands. It Is Unjust and Inexpedient to Try to Compel a Person Who Wants to Set Someone Else Free from the Torment of a Phobia or an Obsession to Take the Roundabout Road of the Medical Curriculum. nor Will Such an Endeavor Have Any Success