Early life
World War I took Camus’s father, Lucien Auguste Camus, at the Battle of the Marne in 1914. His mother, Catherine Helene Sintes, a deaf-mute cleaning lady, raised him in Mondovi, Algeria, where he was born on November 7, 1913, to Spanish-French-Algerian colonists. From 1923 to 1932 he studied at the Algiers Lycee, then earned a philosophy degree from the University of Algiers in 1936. As a student he joined the French Communist Party in 1934, but left in 1936 to join the Algerian People’s Party, which led to a denunciation as a Trotskyite. That same year he completed his thesis on Plotinus’ theory of the One.